hodgkin's lymphoma | Hodgkin's lymphoma: symptoms, Klue, Staging to Therapy

Hodgkin's lymphoma: symptoms, Klue, Staging to Therapy


Hodgkin's lymphoma is one of the cancer of the blood found in the lymphatic system of the body. The lymphatic system helps the immune system fight off various infections. Hodgkin's lymphoma hodgkin's disease is sometimes called Hodgkin's, and lymphoma.

It is a disorder of white blood cell that helps protect it from germs and infections. This specific white blood cells on lymphocyte. In patients with lymphoma, these cells grow and develop is not normal and spreads to the lymphatic system. On progesifitas diseases, it is difficult to make the body fight infection.

Lymphoma hodgkin's disease it can be either classic or nodular lumfosit predominant hodgkin's disease (NLPHD). This type of lymphoma based cell types and symptoms. The exact cause is not yet known. Lymphoma is often associated with a mutation of cells or sepertihalnya cells changes on the epstein barr virus (EBV which causes Mononucleosis. This disease can be of various ages, but more often by the age of 15-40 years or more than 55 years.

In General, life expectancy will increase with a good treatment. Life expectancy 10 years approximately 81% while the 5-year life expectancy of around 85%.

Clinical Manifestation Of Hodgkin's Lymphoma
Signs and symptoms of lymphoma it is swelling of the limfonodi triggers a lump of skin dibawh. The lump is not painful and can be about one or more areas of the body especially on both sides of the neck, armpits and groin.

Other symptoms include:

sweaty evenings accompanied by itching skin
fever and lethargy
weight loss decreases and persistent cough
pain in lumfonodi after consuming alcohol
lien/spleen enlargement
Staging Hodgkin's Lymphoma
Stage 1: is early stage, means the cancer is found at a regio limfonodi.
stage 2: local stadium advance, it means the cancer is found in two of the regio limfonodi on one side of the diaphragm muscle that interferes with breathing. This can also happen to the cancer found in the regio limfonodi one and organs around.
Stage 3: Stadium Advance, means the cancer is found at the top and bottom diaphragms regio. This indicates the cancer is found in one area of the limfonodi and one organ in the opposite direction on the diaphragm.
stage 4: stadium spread, meaning the cancer was discovered in the remote limfonodi and spread to various parts of the body such as the liver, bone marrow and lungs.
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Examination Of Hodgkin's Lymphoma
To diagnose this disease, physical examination is carried out and a detailed anamnesis. As for the complementary examination can also be performed, such as:

Radiologic examinations such as x-rays and CT scans

limfonodi biopsy include the taking of a DAB network limfonodi to see the presence of abnormal cells.

routine blood examination to check for red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets

immunofenotyping, to specify the type of lymphoma cells that exist

pulmonary function examination and echocardiogram to check for lung and heart function

a bone marrow biopsy, to see the spread and systemic involvement against the bone marrow.

Klue Hodgkin's Lymphoma

Hodgkin's lymphoma is different with leukemia.

Leukemia: high leukocytes tend on routine blood examination

Lymphoma: there is a solid mass of lymphatic tissue, and most leukocytes are not increased although there is involvement of the bone marrow (the final stage).

There are symptoms of B, i.e., weight loss, malaise, fever chills, sweaty night. B symptoms, appeared on the type of Hodgkin's, whereas in non-Hodgkin's, B-symptoms only appear on the stage of advance and end.

Examination of CT-scan on Hodgkin's lymphoma obtained Lymphadenopathy, with terfiksir, rubbery and not pain that are larger than 1 cm.

Anatomical Pathology examination, obtained Reed stenberg cell, or owl eyes appearence of biopsy.

The difference of Hodgkin's lymphoma and Non-Hodgkin's

Hodgkin's Lymphoma Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma

1. Description of B cells found giant anti-neoplastic activities (reed-stenberg) 1. not found

2. clinical picture more clear and manifest ampak systemic –

3. the pattern of REGULAR deployment to around 3. the spread of DIFFUSE irregular

4. RARELY spread to the mesentery and limfonodi ring walldeyer 4. Often about limfonodi mesentery and ring walldayer

5. RARE on systems outside of the lymph glands 5. OFTEN ekstranodal

6. localized and often about 1 6 lymph nodes. regarding the many lymph nodes

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Tatalaksana Hodgkin's Lymphoma

The treatment is based on the stage of the disease. The main treatment is chemotherapy and radiation. Radiation therapy uses radiation high-ranking energy to destroy cancer cells. Chemotherapy is a systemic remedy remove cancer cells can be given orally and intravenously depending on the type of drug.

Radiation therapy is more used in early stage of NLPHD, whereas in stadium advance, target therapy may be needed on a regimen of chemotherapy. The transplantation of stem cells can also be used if the therapy does not berespon well to chemotherapy and radiation. The transplantation of stem cells this is planting the healthy cells in the body to replace the cancerous cells in the bone marrow.

Risk Of Hodgkin's Lymphoma Therapy

Treatment of this disease have long-term side effects that can increase the risk of development of other medical conditions that are more serious. Chest radiation can increase the risk of: breast cancer, lung cancer, heart disease and high cholesterol.

Examination of the mammogram, examination of cholesterol and heart disease screening is required. All sorts of side effects that appear in the treatment, you should consult a doctor.